Discussions on a universal basic income system have been proceeded for a relatively long time and continuing to this day. However, the introduction of the universal basic income system can certainly cause a number of problems. First of all, the universal basic income system cannot produce a large enough income redistribution effect, and it can cause free ride problems due to its universality and unconditionality. Also, since the universal basic income system targets all citizens, national financial problems can arise. The government should not fully introduce the universal basic income system at a time when a number of possible problems are expected to arise.

          First, the universal basic income system does not have a significant effect on income redistribution. In fact, Park Ki-sung, a professor in the Department of Economics at Sungshin Women's University, questioned the effect of a universal basic income system on income redistribution, saying, "As the universal basic income system distributes the same amount to all citizens regardless of the amount of income, the effect of resolving income polarization is very minimal." As mentioned, the universal basic income system pays the same amount to all citizens as a basic income without any conditions. But in reality, guaranteeing the same minimum cost of living for all citizens requires a huge amount of financial resources, which are already limited. Consequently, the universal basic income system may be an inconsiderable amount of money in order to provide the same amount to all, while it should reach the level of the minimum cost of living. Lee Sang-yi, a professor at Jeju National University's Graduate School of Medicine, pointed out, "The core of universal basic income discourse is the practical freedom of all members of society. In order for practical freedom to be formed, material freedom is needed, and in order for material freedom to be formed, six principles (universality, unconditionality, individuality, periodicity, cash, and sufficiency) must be observed. If sufficiency is not kept, it only becomes inconsiderable.” Besides, since the universal basic income system provides income on an individual basis rather than on a household basis, households with the same number of members are paid the same financial support. However, each household differs in terms of age, working status, number of children, and consumption patterns. The level of tax burden may also vary depending on income, assets, and consumption patterns. Eventually, it is not known whether income redistribution can be achieved properly because the support income received is the same, while the level of taxes paid by each household varies.

          Second, the universal basic income system can instigate free rides. If the state provides a certain level of basic income to all people without any conditions, people can maintain a certain level of living without any labor. Since the concept of money is relative, people who are satisfied with it may not try to work and contribute to society. As mentioned earlier, if the government provides a universal basic income this can lead to a perception that there is no need for work. In fact, Finland implemented a universal basic income system for a two year trial from 2017 to 2018. Finland paid about 700,000 won a month as a basic income to 2,000 people selected randomly from 170,000 jobless aged between 25 and 58. However, Finland's universal basic income system experiment was concluded in two years, disappointing the expectations when it was first introduced. As shown in the case of Finland, paying basic income equally to all citizens without any conditions can create a perception that it is possible to maintain a certain level of livelihood without working. Eventually, it will make people rely only on the basic income.

          Third, the implementation of the universal basic income system creates national financial problems. As mentioned earlier, the universal basic income system pays the same amount to all citizens, so the amount can be only a small change with little effect on income redistribution. Nevertheless, it is a big problem because as a whole, the nation needs huge amounts of financial resources. According to Sung Tae-yoon, a professor of the School of Economics at Yonsei University, 50 trillion won in finances is required every year if the government were to provide a basic income of 1 million won a year per person. In order to secure this, an increase in taxes or reduction of existing welfare is inevitable. In fact, Choo Kyung-ho, a member of the People Power Party said, “The national tax income is less than 300 trillion won now, so we would have to collect another 200 trillion won to implement the universal basic income system. Earned Income Tax Credit and National Basic Livelihood Security Act should all be eliminated, and I don't know if people are aware of this and are talking about the pros and cons.” In addition, the national debt is expected to increase even if the universal basic income system is not introduced. Following the execution of the fourth supplementary budget, the national debt increased to 846.9 trillion won in 2021. Furthermore, according to the Ministry of Economy and Finance’s 2020-2024 National Financial Management Plan, the national debt will increase to 1070.3 trillion won in 2022. This is an increase of about 410 trillion won from the 660.2 trillion won national debt in 2017. Also, national finances could worsen while the COVID-19 pandemic continues. Eventually, the implementation of the universal basic income system could worsen the national financial problem at a time when the national debt is increasing, and an international disaster is continuing.

As such, the universal basic income system has many problems. As the universal basic income system is taking a new form that differs from the existing welfare system, discussions on this are essential. However, the universal basic income system does not have much effect on income redistribution, contrary to the proponents' assertion. In addition, if the universal basic income system is implemented, various free rides and national financial problems will occur. In fact, Hong Young-pyo, Kim Jong-min, and Shin Dong-geun, the members of the Democratic Party of Korea said, "There has been a long debate, but no country has adopted it due to problems. […] It can be considered as a long-term research project, but it is dangerous to be a national policy right away.” Considering the various problems of the universal basic income system, it should not be implemented.

Regarding the universal basic income system, proponents claimed that it can maintain the basic quality of life of the people, arouse their willingness to work, and solve the inefficiency of the existing welfare system. On the other hand, the opposition claimed that the universal basic income system doesn’t have a significant effect on income redistribution, can encourage free rides, and can further lead to the worsening of national finances. Through both sides' arguments, we were able to check both the advantages and disadvantages of the universal basic income system. There will be no perfect answer in deciding this matter because both sides have reasonable points. As the universal basic income system has been discussed for a long time, the government needs to look into each position in detail and consequentially lead the welfare system in the best direction. Since welfare is a matter for all members of society, let's have time to think about the most reasonable choice for the universal basic income system.